/* The Scholars Time — site styles (mobile-first, no framework) */

:root {
  --ink: #0d1b33;
  --text: #2a3446;
  --muted: #5d6779;
  --faint: #8a93a3;
  --line: #e2e7ef;
  --line-strong: #cfd6e2;
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-soft: #f4f7fb;
  --bg-tint: #eaf1fb;
  --brand: #1d4f9a;
  --brand-dark: #153b75;
  --brand-ink: #0b2550;
  --brand-light: #5b9be8;
  --accent: #c99a2e;
  --accent-ink: #7a5a12;
  --accent-soft: #fbf3e0;
  --success: #17794a;
  --success-soft: #e7f6ee;
  --danger: #b42318;
  --danger-soft: #fdecea;
  --navy: #0b1d3a;
  --radius: 14px;
  --radius-sm: 9px;
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(13, 27, 51, .06), 0 1px 3px rgba(13, 27, 51, .05);
  --shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(13, 27, 51, .05), 0 10px 28px rgba(13, 27, 51, .07);
  --shadow-lg: 0 18px 50px rgba(11, 29, 58, .16);
  --serif: "Source Serif 4", "Source Serif Pro", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: "Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --wrap: 1180px;
  --gutter: 16px;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--bg);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}
img, svg, video { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: var(--brand); text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { color: var(--brand-dark); }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.25; margin: 0 0 .5em; }
h1, h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
h3, h4 { font-weight: 650; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
button { font: inherit; }
:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--brand-light); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 4px; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.skip-link { position: absolute; left: 12px; top: -60px; z-index: 100; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; padding: 10px 14px; border-radius: 8px; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 12px; color: #fff; }

.wrap { width: 100%; max-width: var(--wrap); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter); }
.icon { width: 1.1em; height: 1.1em; flex: none; vertical-align: -.18em; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; }

/* ---------- Top bar ---------- */
.topbar { background: var(--navy); color: #c5d2e8; font-size: 13px; }
.topbar-in { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; min-height: 36px; }
.topbar-facts { display: flex; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; }
.topbar-facts span + span::before { content: ""; display: inline-block; width: 4px; height: 4px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); margin-right: 14px; vertical-align: middle; }
.topbar b { color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.topbar a { color: #c5d2e8; text-decoration: none; display: none; align-items: center; gap: 6px; }
.topbar a:hover { color: #fff; }
.topbar .hide-sm { display: none; }

/* ---------- Header ---------- */
.site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .96); backdrop-filter: saturate(160%) blur(10px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(160%) blur(10px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.header-in { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; min-height: 64px; }
.brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 11px; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); min-width: 0; margin-right: auto; }
.brand:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.brand-mark { width: 40px; height: 40px; flex: none; border-radius: 11px; background: linear-gradient(145deg, var(--brand) 0%, var(--brand-ink) 100%); display: grid; place-items: center; box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .15); }
.brand-mark svg { width: 24px; height: 24px; }
.brand-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; }
.brand-name { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.01em; white-space: nowrap; }
.brand-sub { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.3; margin-top: 2px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; max-width: 62vw; }

.header-search { display: none; }
.search-field { position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center; width: 100%; }
.search-field input { width: 100%; height: 42px; padding: 0 44px 0 14px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 999px; background: var(--bg-soft); font: inherit; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink); transition: border-color .15s, background .15s, box-shadow .15s; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; }
.search-field input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--brand); background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(29, 79, 154, .12); }
.search-field button { position: absolute; right: 4px; width: 34px; height: 34px; border: 0; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--brand); color: #fff; display: grid; place-items: center; cursor: pointer; }
.search-field button:hover { background: var(--brand-dark); }

.nav-toggle { display: inline-grid; place-items: center; width: 44px; height: 44px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 11px; background: #fff; color: var(--ink); cursor: pointer; flex: none; }
.nav-toggle .icon { width: 22px; height: 22px; }
.nav-toggle .icon-close { display: none; }
.nav-open .nav-toggle .icon-menu { display: none; }
.nav-open .nav-toggle .icon-close { display: block; }

.site-nav { display: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; max-height: calc(100vh - 64px); overflow-y: auto; }
.nav-open .site-nav { display: block; animation: drop .18s ease-out; }
@keyframes drop { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-6px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: none; } }
.nav-in { padding-top: 12px; padding-bottom: 18px; }
.nav-search { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.nav-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.nav-list > li { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.nav-list a, .sub-toggle { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; width: 100%; padding: 13px 4px; color: var(--ink); font-weight: 550; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; background: none; border: 0; cursor: pointer; text-align: left; }
.nav-list a:hover, .sub-toggle:hover { color: var(--brand); }
.nav-list a[aria-current="page"], .nav-list .is-active > .sub-toggle { color: var(--brand); }
.sub-toggle .icon { transition: transform .2s; }
.sub-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .icon { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.sub { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0 0 0 12px; display: none; border-left: 2px solid var(--bg-tint); }
.sub.open { display: block; }
.sub a { font-weight: 450; font-size: 15px; padding: 9px 4px; color: var(--text); }
.nav-cta { margin-top: 16px; width: 100%; }

/* ---------- Buttons, chips ---------- */
.btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 8px; min-height: 44px; padding: 0 20px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid transparent; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; transition: background .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s, transform .15s, box-shadow .15s; white-space: nowrap; }
.btn:active { transform: translateY(1px); }
.btn-primary { background: var(--brand); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(29, 79, 154, .22); }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--brand-dark); color: #fff; }
.btn-accent { background: var(--accent); color: #1c1403; }
.btn-accent:hover { background: #b78822; color: #1c1403; }
.btn-ghost { background: #fff; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--line-strong); }
.btn-ghost:hover { border-color: var(--brand); color: var(--brand); }
.btn-light { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .12); color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .35); }
.btn-light:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .2); color: #fff; }
.btn-sm { min-height: 36px; padding: 0 14px; font-size: 14px; }
.btn-block { width: 100%; }
.chip { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; padding: 4px 11px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--bg-tint); color: var(--brand-ink); font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.chip-accent { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-ink); }
.eyebrow { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.eyebrow::before { content: ""; width: 22px; height: 2px; background: var(--accent); border-radius: 2px; }

/* ---------- Hero (home) ---------- */
.hero { position: relative; background: radial-gradient(1200px 500px at 85% -10%, rgba(91, 155, 232, .35), transparent 60%), linear-gradient(160deg, #0b1d3a 0%, #12305e 55%, #174080 100%); color: #dbe5f5; overflow: hidden; }
.hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; background-image: radial-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, .07) 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 22px 22px; mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, .7), transparent); -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, .7), transparent); pointer-events: none; }
.hero-in { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; gap: 32px; padding-top: 44px; padding-bottom: 48px; }
.hero .eyebrow { color: #9fc3f2; }
.hero h1 { color: #fff; font-size: clamp(32px, 7.4vw, 54px); line-height: 1.08; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.hero h1 em { font-style: normal; color: #9fc3f2; }
.hero-lead { font-size: 17px; max-width: 560px; color: #c8d5ea; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; }
.hero-facts { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 1px; margin-top: 32px; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .12); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; max-width: 560px; }
.hero-fact { background: rgba(11, 29, 58, .55); padding: 14px 16px; }
.hero-fact strong { display: block; color: #fff; font-size: 20px; font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.2; }
.hero-fact span { font-size: 12.5px; color: #a9badb; }

.issue-card { background: #fff; color: var(--text); border-radius: 18px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); padding: 22px; align-self: start; }
.issue-card-head { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.issue-card h2 { font-size: 22px; margin: 6px 0 2px; }
.issue-card .muted { font-size: 14px; }
.issue-card ol { list-style: none; margin: 16px 0 18px; padding: 0; counter-reset: ic; }
.issue-card li { counter-increment: ic; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 28px 1fr; gap: 8px; padding: 11px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.issue-card li::before { content: counter(ic, decimal-leading-zero); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent-ink); padding-top: 3px; }
.issue-card li a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.4; display: block; }
.issue-card li a:hover { color: var(--brand); }
.issue-card li small { display: block; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12.5px; margin-top: 3px; }

/* ---------- Sections ---------- */
.section { padding: 48px 0; }
.section-soft { background: var(--bg-soft); }
.section-head { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.section-head h2 { font-size: clamp(26px, 5vw, 34px); margin: 0; }
.section-head p { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--muted); max-width: 620px; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.link-arrow { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.link-arrow:hover .icon { transform: translateX(3px); }
.link-arrow .icon { transition: transform .15s; }

.grid { display: grid; gap: 18px; }
.grid-3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.grid-2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

/* Feature tiles */
.feature { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 22px; }
.feature-icon { width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 12px; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--bg-tint); color: var(--brand); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.feature-icon .icon { width: 22px; height: 22px; }
.feature h3 { font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.feature p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; margin: 0; }

/* ---------- Article cards / list ---------- */
.article-card { position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 20px; transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s, transform .15s; }
.article-card:hover { border-color: #c5d5ec; box-shadow: var(--shadow); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.article-card .chip { align-self: flex-start; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.article-card h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18.5px; font-weight: 650; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.article-card h3 a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.article-card h3 a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; border-radius: inherit; }
.article-card h3 a:hover { color: var(--brand); }
.article-card .authors { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.article-card .card-foot { margin-top: auto; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 14px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--faint); padding-top: 12px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line); }

.article-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 14px; }
.article-row { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 18px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 0 14px; transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s; }
.article-row:hover { border-color: #c5d5ec; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.article-num { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; color: var(--accent-ink); background: var(--accent-soft); border-radius: 10px; width: 36px; height: 36px; display: grid; place-items: center; }
.article-row h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.38; margin: 4px 0 6px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.article-row h3 a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.article-row h3 a:hover { color: var(--brand); text-decoration: underline; }
.article-row .authors { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--text); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.article-row .row-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 16px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.article-row .row-meta span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; }
.article-row .row-meta a { color: var(--muted); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.article-row .row-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.article-row .row-body { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.article-row .row-head { display: contents; }

/* ---------- Page hero (inner pages) ---------- */
.page-hero { background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--bg-tint) 0%, #fff 100%); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 28px 0 26px; }
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(28px, 6vw, 40px); margin: 6px 0 8px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.page-hero p { color: var(--muted); margin: 0; max-width: 680px; }
.breadcrumb { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 6px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--muted); }
.breadcrumb li { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; }
.breadcrumb li + li::before { content: "/"; color: var(--line-strong); }
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--muted); text-decoration: none; }
.breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--brand); text-decoration: underline; }

/* ---------- Two-column layout ---------- */
.layout { display: grid; gap: 28px; padding-top: 32px; padding-bottom: 56px; }
.layout > * { min-width: 0; }
.sidebar { display: grid; gap: 18px; align-content: start; }
.panel { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 20px; }
.panel-soft { background: var(--bg-soft); border-color: transparent; }
.panel h2, .panel h3 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.panel-cta { background: linear-gradient(150deg, var(--brand-ink), var(--brand)); color: #d9e5f7; border: 0; }
.panel-cta h3 { color: #fff; font-family: var(--serif); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 20px; }
.panel-cta p { font-size: 14.5px; }
.link-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.link-list li + li { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.link-list a { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px; padding: 10px 0; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; }
.link-list a:hover, .link-list a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--brand); }
.link-list a .icon { color: var(--faint); }
.facts { margin: 0; display: grid; gap: 0; }
.facts div { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; padding: 9px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 14.5px; }
.facts div:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.facts dt { color: var(--muted); }
.facts dd { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; text-align: right; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

/* ---------- Prose (CMS content) ---------- */
.prose { font-size: 16.5px; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--text); max-width: 76ch; overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.prose > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.prose h1, .prose h2 { font-size: 26px; margin: 1.6em 0 .5em; }
.prose h3 { font-size: 20px; margin: 1.5em 0 .5em; }
.prose h4 { font-size: 17px; margin: 1.4em 0 .4em; }
.prose p:empty, .prose p:has(> br:only-child) { display: none; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.3em; margin: 0 0 1.1em; }
.prose li { margin: .3em 0; }
.prose li::marker { color: var(--brand); }
.prose a { word-break: break-word; }
.prose img { border-radius: 10px; height: auto !important; }
.prose table { display: block; width: 100% !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0 0 1.2em; font-size: 15px; }
.prose th, .prose td { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 8px 12px; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; }
.prose th { background: var(--bg-soft); }
.prose blockquote { margin: 1.2em 0; padding: 12px 18px; border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0; }
.prose hr { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); margin: 2em 0; }
.prose center { text-align: left; }

/* ---------- Article page ---------- */
.article-head { padding: 26px 0 28px; background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--bg-tint) 0%, #fff 100%); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-head .chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin: 14px 0 12px; }
.article-title { font-size: clamp(26px, 5.6vw, 40px); line-height: 1.18; margin: 0 0 16px; max-width: 900px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.author-list { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 16px; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.author-list li { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; padding: 5px 12px 5px 5px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: 550; color: var(--ink); }
.author-list sup, .affiliations sup { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); margin-left: 1px; }
.author-list .orcid { display: inline-flex; margin-left: -2px; border-radius: 50%; }
.author-list .orcid:hover { transform: scale(1.1); }
.affiliations { list-style: none; margin: -4px 0 18px; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 4px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); max-width: 900px; }
.affiliations sup { margin: 0 6px 0 0; }
.author-cards { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 12px; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.author-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 34px 1fr; gap: 12px; padding: 16px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: #fff; }
.author-card-num { width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--bg-tint); color: var(--brand); font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; }
.author-card-body { min-width: 0; }
.author-card h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; margin: 4px 0 6px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.author-card h3 .chip { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11.5px; padding: 2px 9px; }
.author-aff { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 18px 1fr; gap: 6px; margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; }
.author-aff .icon { margin-top: 3px; color: var(--faint); }
.author-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 16px; font-size: 14px; }
.author-links a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.author-links a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
@media (min-width: 720px) { .author-cards { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
.author-avatar { width: 26px; height: 26px; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--brand); color: #fff; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; }
.article-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 20px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 20px; }
.article-meta span, .article-meta a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; }
.article-meta a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.article-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.article-body h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 12px; }
.article-section { margin-bottom: 34px; }
.abstract { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; color: #1d2638; }
.abstract p { margin-bottom: .9em; }
.cite-box { position: relative; background: var(--bg-soft); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 18px 18px 14px; }
.cite-box p { font-size: 15px; margin: 0 0 12px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.cite-tabs { display: flex; gap: 6px; margin-bottom: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.cite-tabs button { border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); background: #fff; border-radius: 999px; padding: 5px 12px; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; }
.cite-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.stat-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 12px; }
.stat { background: var(--bg-soft); border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px; }
.stat strong { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 26px; color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.1; }
.stat span { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.toast { position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 24px; transform: translate(-50%, 20px); background: var(--ink); color: #fff; padding: 11px 18px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 550; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transition: opacity .2s, transform .2s; z-index: 200; }
.toast.show { opacity: 1; transform: translate(-50%, 0); }
.mini-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.mini-list li + li { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.mini-list a { display: block; padding: 11px 0; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.45; font-weight: 550; }
.mini-list a:hover { color: var(--brand); }
.mini-list small { display: block; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; font-size: 12.5px; margin-top: 3px; }

/* ---------- Archives ---------- */
.year-block { padding: 22px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; gap: 14px; }
.year-block:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.year-label { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 12px; }
.year-label h2 { font-size: 30px; margin: 0; }
.year-label span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.issue-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 10px; }
.issue-tile { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; padding: 14px 16px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 12px; background: #fff; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s, transform .15s; }
.issue-tile:hover { border-color: var(--brand); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); transform: translateY(-1px); color: var(--ink); }
.issue-tile strong { font-size: 15.5px; }
.issue-tile span { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.issue-tile.is-current { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }
.archive-search { max-width: 520px; margin-top: 18px; }
.issue-nav { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin-top: 28px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---------- Editorial board ---------- */
.board-group { margin-bottom: 36px; }
.board-group > h2 { font-size: 24px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.board-group > h2::after { content: ""; flex: 1; height: 1px; background: var(--line); }
.board-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 14px; }
.member { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 72px 1fr; gap: 16px; align-items: start; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 16px; }
.member.lead { border-color: #d7c18b; background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--accent-soft), #fff 70%); }
.member-photo { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 50%; overflow: hidden; background: var(--bg-tint); display: grid; place-items: center; color: var(--brand); font-weight: 700; font-size: 22px; font-family: var(--serif); position: relative; }
.member-photo img { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.member h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; margin: 2px 0 2px; }
.member .role { font-size: 14px; color: var(--brand); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.member p { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 4px; line-height: 1.5; }
.member a { font-size: 14px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; }

/* ---------- Forms ---------- */
.form-card { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 18px; padding: 22px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.form-section { border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 26px; min-width: 0; }
.form-section legend { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; font-weight: 650; color: var(--ink); padding: 0; margin-bottom: 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
.form-section legend .step { width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--brand); color: #fff; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; display: grid; place-items: center; }
.form-grid { display: grid; gap: 16px; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.field label { display: block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: 6px; }
.field label .req { color: var(--danger); }
.field .hint { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 6px; }
.input { width: 100%; min-height: 46px; padding: 10px 14px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; font: inherit; font-size: 16px; color: var(--ink); transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; }
textarea.input { min-height: 130px; resize: vertical; line-height: 1.55; }
.input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--brand); box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(29, 79, 154, .12); }
.input.is-invalid { border-color: var(--danger); }
.field .file-drop { position: relative; display: grid; margin: 0; place-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 6px; padding: 26px 16px; border: 2px dashed var(--line-strong); border-radius: 14px; background: var(--bg-soft); color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; transition: border-color .15s, background .15s; cursor: pointer; }
.file-drop:hover, .file-drop.drag { border-color: var(--brand); background: var(--bg-tint); }
.file-drop input[type="file"] { position: absolute; inset: 0; opacity: 0; cursor: pointer; width: 100%; }
.file-drop .icon { width: 30px; height: 30px; color: var(--brand); }
.file-drop strong { color: var(--ink); font-size: 15px; }
.file-name { font-weight: 600; color: var(--success); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.file-drop.is-invalid { border-color: var(--danger); background: var(--danger-soft); }
.file-drop.is-invalid .file-name { color: var(--danger); }
.hp-field { position: absolute !important; left: -10000px !important; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; }
.alert { display: flex; gap: 12px; align-items: flex-start; border-radius: 12px; padding: 14px 16px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 15px; }
.alert .icon { margin-top: 3px; }
.alert-error { background: var(--danger-soft); color: #7a1610; border: 1px solid #f5c2bd; }
.alert-error ul { margin: 6px 0 0; padding-left: 18px; }
.success-card { text-align: center; padding: 40px 22px; }
.success-icon { width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--success-soft); color: var(--success); display: grid; place-items: center; margin: 0 auto 16px; }
.success-icon .icon { width: 32px; height: 32px; }
.checklist { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.checklist li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 22px 1fr; gap: 8px; font-size: 14.5px; }
.checklist .icon { color: var(--success); margin-top: 3px; }

/* ---------- CTA band ---------- */
.cta-band { background: linear-gradient(120deg, var(--brand-ink) 0%, var(--brand) 100%); color: #d5e2f6; border-radius: 22px; padding: 30px 24px; display: grid; gap: 20px; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.cta-band::before { content: ""; position: absolute; right: -60px; top: -60px; width: 240px; height: 240px; border-radius: 50%; border: 36px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .06); }
.cta-band h2 { color: #fff; font-size: clamp(24px, 5vw, 32px); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.cta-band p { margin: 0; max-width: 620px; }
.cta-band .hero-actions { position: relative; }

/* ---------- Empty / 404 ---------- */
.empty { text-align: center; padding: 56px 16px; }
.empty .big { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 76px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--bg-tint); line-height: 1; -webkit-text-stroke: 2px var(--brand-light); }
.empty h1 { font-size: 30px; margin: 12px 0 8px; }
.empty p { color: var(--muted); max-width: 520px; margin: 0 auto 22px; }
.search-summary { color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 18px; }
mark { background: #fff1c2; color: inherit; padding: 0 2px; border-radius: 3px; }

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */
.site-footer { background: var(--navy); color: #a9b8d0; font-size: 15px; }
.footer-grid { display: grid; gap: 30px; padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 36px; }
.footer-brand .brand-name { color: #fff; }
.footer-brand .brand-sub { color: #8fa2c2; max-width: none; white-space: normal; }
.footer-brand p { margin: 16px 0 0; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.65; }
.site-footer h3 { color: #fff; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.footer-links { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.site-footer a { color: #c7d3e6; text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer a:hover { color: #fff; text-decoration: underline; }
.contact-lines { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.contact-lines li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 20px 1fr; gap: 10px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.contact-lines .icon { color: var(--accent); margin-top: 4px; }
.contact-lines address { font-style: normal; }
.issn-badge { display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; margin-top: 18px; padding: 10px 14px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .18); border-radius: 12px; }
.issn-badge span { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #8fa2c2; }
.issn-badge strong { color: #fff; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: .04em; }
.footer-bottom { border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .1); padding: 18px 0 22px; font-size: 13.5px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 20px; justify-content: space-between; }
.to-top { position: fixed; right: 16px; bottom: 16px; width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 50%; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; display: grid; place-items: center; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); cursor: pointer; opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); transition: opacity .2s, transform .2s; pointer-events: none; z-index: 40; }
.to-top.show { opacity: 1; transform: none; pointer-events: auto; }

/* ================= Breakpoints ================= */
@media (min-width: 560px) {
  .grid-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .issue-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .form-grid.cols-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .stat-row { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .hero-facts { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .topbar a { display: inline-flex; }
}

@media (min-width: 720px) {
  :root { --gutter: 24px; }
  .grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .board-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .issue-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .topbar .hide-sm { display: inline; }
  .article-row { grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr; padding: 20px 22px; }
  .article-row .row-body { grid-column: 2; }
  .article-num { width: 40px; height: 40px; }
  .cta-band { padding: 40px; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; align-items: center; }
  .form-card { padding: 32px; }
  .abstract { font-size: 18.5px; }
  .section { padding: 64px 0; }
}

@media (min-width: 1000px) {
  body { font-size: 16.5px; }
  .header-in { min-height: 76px; gap: 24px; }
  .brand-mark { width: 46px; height: 46px; }
  .brand-name { font-size: 22px; }
  .brand-sub { font-size: 12px; max-width: none; }
  .header-search { display: block; width: 300px; }
  .nav-toggle { display: none; }
  .nav-search { display: none; }
  .site-nav { display: block; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); max-height: none; overflow: visible; }
  .nav-in { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
  .nav-list { display: flex; gap: 4px; }
  .nav-list > li { border: 0; position: relative; }
  .nav-list > li > a, .sub-toggle { padding: 14px 14px; font-size: 15px; position: relative; }
  .nav-list > li > a[aria-current="page"]::after, .nav-list .is-active > .sub-toggle::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 14px; right: 14px; bottom: -1px; height: 3px; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; background: var(--brand); }
  .sub-toggle { gap: 6px; }
  .sub { position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; min-width: 260px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); padding: 8px; margin: 0; z-index: 60; }
  .sub a { padding: 9px 12px; border-radius: 8px; }
  .sub a:hover { background: var(--bg-soft); }
  .has-sub:hover > .sub, .has-sub:focus-within > .sub { display: block; }
  .nav-cta { margin: 0; width: auto; min-height: 38px; font-size: 14px; }
  .hero-in { grid-template-columns: 1.25fr .9fr; align-items: center; padding-top: 72px; padding-bottom: 80px; gap: 48px; }
  .grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 320px; gap: 44px; padding-top: 44px; }
  .layout.sidebar-left { grid-template-columns: 300px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .sidebar.sticky { position: sticky; top: 140px; }
  .issue-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr); }
  .year-block { grid-template-columns: 170px 1fr; align-items: start; }
  .year-label { flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr 1.2fr 1.3fr; gap: 40px; padding-top: 64px; }
  .page-hero { padding: 40px 0 36px; }
  .article-head { padding: 36px 0 34px; }
  .form-grid.cols-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { animation: none !important; transition: none !important; scroll-behavior: auto !important; }
}

@media print {
  .topbar, .site-header, .site-footer, .sidebar, .article-actions, .to-top, .cite-tabs { display: none !important; }
  .layout { display: block; padding: 0; }
  body { font-size: 12pt; color: #000; }
  a { color: #000; }
}